{
  "id": "31b46437-928c-5e1e-929a-48c15661064f",
  "slug": "b2-2-b3-2-organelles-gas-exchange-transport",
  "title": "B2.2–B3.2 Organelles, Gas Exchange & Transport",
  "course": "IB Biology",
  "level": "SL and HL",
  "syllabusRange": [
    "B2.2",
    "B3.2"
  ],
  "questionCount": 20,
  "page": "https://splycr.com/ib-biology/b2-2-b3-2-organelles-gas-exchange-transport",
  "data": "https://splycr.com/library/b2-2-b3-2-organelles-gas-exchange-transport.json",
  "play": "https://splycr.com/?set=31b46437-928c-5e1e-929a-48c15661064f",
  "source": {
    "name": "Biology by Bradford",
    "href": "https://biologybybradford.com"
  },
  "questions": [
    {
      "number": 1,
      "question": "What is the source of energy for primary active transport (e.g., the sodium–potassium pump)?",
      "answer": "ATP hydrolysis",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Spongy mesophyll",
        "Golgi apparatus",
        "Companion cells"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 2,
      "question": "What is the term for releasing materials from a cell by vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane?",
      "answer": "Exocytosis",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Chloroplast",
        "Source",
        "Lysosome"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 3,
      "question": "What is the term for taking materials into a cell by engulfing them in a vesicle?",
      "answer": "Endocytosis",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Chloroplast",
        "Cuticle",
        "Lysosome"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 4,
      "question": "What is the protein that coats the cytoplasmic side of a membrane to help it curve and form a vesicle?",
      "answer": "Clathrin",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Organelle",
        "Lysosome",
        "Cuticle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 5,
      "question": "What term describes a specialized structure within a cell with a specific function?",
      "answer": "Organelle",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Endocytosis",
        "Exocytosis",
        "Lysosome"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 6,
      "question": "What is the organelle where aerobic respiration produces ATP; has a double membrane?",
      "answer": "Mitochondrion",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Cytoskeleton",
        "Transpiration",
        "Clathrin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 7,
      "question": "What is the organelle where photosynthesis occurs in plants; has a double membrane?",
      "answer": "Chloroplast",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Source",
        "Exocytosis",
        "Endocytosis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 8,
      "question": "What is the organelle that modifies, packages, and distributes proteins and lipids?",
      "answer": "Golgi apparatus",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Companion cells",
        "Spongy mesophyll",
        "ATP hydrolysis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 9,
      "question": "What do we call an organelle containing digestive enzymes for breaking down materials?",
      "answer": "Lysosome",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Clathrin",
        "Source",
        "Endocytosis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 10,
      "question": "What is the network of protein filaments providing cell structure and movement?",
      "answer": "Cytoskeleton",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Transpiration",
        "Mitochondrion",
        "Chloroplast"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 11,
      "question": "Small pores on the underside of a leaf that allow for gas exchange?",
      "answer": "Stomata (singular: Stoma)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Myogenic contraction",
        "Proton pump (Active Transport)",
        "Companion cells"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 12,
      "question": "The two specialized cells that surround a stoma and control its opening?",
      "answer": "Guard cells",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Spongy mesophyll",
        "Exocytosis",
        "Golgi apparatus"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 13,
      "question": "The tissue layer in the leaf with many air spaces to allow gas circulation?",
      "answer": "Spongy mesophyll",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Golgi apparatus",
        "Companion cells",
        "ATP hydrolysis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 14,
      "question": "The waxy, waterproof layer covering the leaf (thickest on the upper surface) that reduces water loss?",
      "answer": "Cuticle",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Chloroplast",
        "Endocytosis",
        "Exocytosis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 15,
      "question": "The loss of water vapor from the leaves and stems of plants?",
      "answer": "Transpiration",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Mitochondrion",
        "Cytoskeleton",
        "Organelle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 16,
      "question": "What is the term for the heart's ability to contract without external nerve signals?",
      "answer": "Myogenic contraction",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Golgi apparatus",
        "Spongy mesophyll",
        "ATP hydrolysis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 17,
      "question": "Specialized cells that provide metabolic support to phloem sieve tube elements?",
      "answer": "Companion cells",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Spongy mesophyll",
        "Golgi apparatus",
        "ATP hydrolysis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 18,
      "question": "The part of the plant where sugars are produced or released (e.g., leaves)?",
      "answer": "Source",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Cuticle",
        "Lysosome",
        "Clathrin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 19,
      "question": "The part of the plant where sugars are used or stored (e.g., roots, fruits)?",
      "answer": "Sink",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Chloroplast",
        "Exocytosis",
        "Endocytosis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 20,
      "question": "What mechanism is used to move H⁺ ions out of the companion cell to create a gradient?",
      "answer": "Proton pump (Active Transport)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Stomata (singular: Stoma)",
        "Myogenic contraction",
        "ATP hydrolysis"
      ]
    }
  ]
}