{
  "id": "f8cc7899-7a28-5d36-bc68-a385cfc1fd73",
  "slug": "c2-2-c3-2-neural-signalling-body-systems-defence",
  "title": "C2.2–C3.2 Neural Signalling, Body Systems & Defence",
  "course": "IB Biology",
  "level": "SL and HL",
  "syllabusRange": [
    "C2.2",
    "C3.2"
  ],
  "questionCount": 18,
  "page": "https://splycr.com/ib-biology/c2-2-c3-2-neural-signalling-body-systems-defence",
  "data": "https://splycr.com/library/c2-2-c3-2-neural-signalling-body-systems-defence.json",
  "play": "https://splycr.com/?set=f8cc7899-7a28-5d36-bc68-a385cfc1fd73",
  "source": {
    "name": "Biology by Bradford",
    "href": "https://biologybybradford.com"
  },
  "questions": [
    {
      "number": 1,
      "question": "The phase where potassium (K⁺) channels open and K⁺ rushes out?",
      "answer": "Repolarization (potential becomes negative again)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Sodium-Potassium Pump (requires ATP)",
        "Hydrogen ions (H⁺)",
        "Phagocytes (or Macrophages)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 2,
      "question": "The brief dip below resting potential due to slow-closing K⁺ channels?",
      "answer": "Hyperpolarization",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Acetylcholinesterase",
        "Baroreceptors",
        "Hypothalamus"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 3,
      "question": "The period after firing when a neuron cannot fire again, ensuring one-way travel?",
      "answer": "Refractory Period",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Fibrinogen (soluble)",
        "Negative Feedback",
        "Acetylcholinesterase"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 4,
      "question": "What maintains the resting potential by pumping 3 Na⁺ out and 2 K⁺ in per ATP?",
      "answer": "Sodium-Potassium Pump (requires ATP)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hydrogen ions (H⁺)",
        "Phagocytes (or Macrophages)",
        "Repolarization (potential becomes negative again)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 5,
      "question": "Which enzyme breaks down ACh in the synaptic cleft?",
      "answer": "Acetylcholinesterase",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hyperpolarization",
        "Chemoreceptors",
        "Refractory Period"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 6,
      "question": "Receptors that detect changes in blood pressure by sensing the stretch of blood vessel walls?",
      "answer": "Baroreceptors",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hypothalamus",
        "Phagocytosis",
        "Chemoreceptors"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 7,
      "question": "Receptors that detect chemical changes, such as pH, CO₂, or O₂ levels in the blood?",
      "answer": "Chemoreceptors",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Baroreceptors",
        "Phagocytosis",
        "Hypothalamus"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 8,
      "question": "The brain region that acts as the control center for many homeostatic variables?",
      "answer": "Hypothalamus",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Baroreceptors",
        "Chemoreceptors",
        "Phagocytosis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 9,
      "question": "The part of the brain that specifically regulates heart rate and breathing?",
      "answer": "Medulla oblongata",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Negative Feedback",
        "Auxin (IAA)",
        "Chemoreceptors"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 10,
      "question": "The homeostatic mechanism where the output of a system suppresses the original stimulus?",
      "answer": "Negative Feedback",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Auxin (IAA)",
        "Medulla oblongata",
        "Refractory Period"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 11,
      "question": "Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for coordinating tropic growth?",
      "answer": "Auxin (IAA)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Negative Feedback",
        "Medulla oblongata",
        "Refractory Period"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 12,
      "question": "According to the acid growth hypothesis, what does auxin cause the cell to pump into the cell wall?",
      "answer": "Hydrogen ions (H⁺)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Phagocytes (or Macrophages)",
        "Sodium-Potassium Pump (requires ATP)",
        "Refractory Period"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 13,
      "question": "Which small cell fragments in the blood initiate the clotting process?",
      "answer": "Platelets",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Antigen",
        "Fibrin",
        "Chemoreceptors"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 14,
      "question": "What is the insoluble, fibrous protein that forms the \"mesh\" of a blood clot?",
      "answer": "Fibrin",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Antigen",
        "Platelets",
        "Chemoreceptors"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 15,
      "question": "What is the precursor molecule that thrombin converts into fibrin?",
      "answer": "Fibrinogen (soluble)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Refractory Period",
        "Auxin (IAA)",
        "Acetylcholinesterase"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 16,
      "question": "What type of white blood cell engulfs and digests pathogens non-selectively?",
      "answer": "Phagocytes (or Macrophages)",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hydrogen ions (H⁺)",
        "Fibrinogen (soluble)",
        "Refractory Period"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 17,
      "question": "What is the process of a cell \"eating\" a pathogen called?",
      "answer": "Phagocytosis",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hypothalamus",
        "Baroreceptors",
        "Chemoreceptors"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 18,
      "question": "Any foreign molecule that triggers an immune response is called a/an...?",
      "answer": "Antigen",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Platelets",
        "Fibrin",
        "Chemoreceptors"
      ]
    }
  ]
}