{
  "id": "ca0fb264-e30c-5b78-83b4-e1eb07f59d59",
  "slug": "option-d-geophysical-hazards-hazard-risk-and-resilience",
  "title": "Option D Geophysical hazards: Hazard risk and resilience",
  "course": "IB Geography",
  "level": "SL and HL",
  "topic": "D",
  "questionCount": 15,
  "page": "https://splycr.com/ib-geography/option-d-geophysical-hazards-hazard-risk-and-resilience",
  "data": "https://splycr.com/library/option-d-geophysical-hazards-hazard-risk-and-resilience.json",
  "play": "https://splycr.com/?set=ca0fb264-e30c-5b78-83b4-e1eb07f59d59",
  "section": {
    "name": "Option D: Geophysical hazards",
    "page": "https://splycr.com/ib-geography/geophysical-hazards"
  },
  "source": {
    "name": "Biology by Bradford",
    "href": "https://www.biologybybradford.com",
    "note": "Written for the splycr library by Biology by Bradford."
  },
  "questions": [
    {
      "number": 1,
      "question": "Logarithmic measure of the energy released by an earthquake, which has replaced Richter?",
      "answer": "Moment magnitude scale",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Modified Mercalli scale",
        "Volcanic Explosivity Index",
        "Saffir–Simpson scale"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 2,
      "question": "Ranking from I to XII of an earthquake's observed effects on people and buildings?",
      "answer": "Modified Mercalli scale",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Moment magnitude scale",
        "Richter scale",
        "Beaufort scale"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 3,
      "question": "0–8 logarithmic scale of eruption size, based on ejected volume and plume height?",
      "answer": "Volcanic Explosivity Index",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Moment magnitude scale",
        "Modified Mercalli scale",
        "Saffir–Simpson scale"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 4,
      "question": "Fast-moving avalanche of hot gas, ash and rock down a volcano's flanks?",
      "answer": "Pyroclastic flow",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Lahar",
        "Lava flow",
        "Tephra fall"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 5,
      "question": "Volcanic mudflow of ash and water, often triggered by heavy rain or melting ice?",
      "answer": "Lahar",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Pyroclastic flow",
        "Debris avalanche",
        "Jökulhlaup"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 6,
      "question": "Waterlogged sandy ground losing strength and flowing like a fluid during earthquake shaking?",
      "answer": "Liquefaction",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Subsidence",
        "Solifluction",
        "Landslide"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 7,
      "question": "Series of ocean waves caused by sudden displacement of the sea floor?",
      "answer": "Tsunami",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Storm surge",
        "Seiche",
        "Tidal bore"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 8,
      "question": "Risk = hazard × vulnerability, divided by…?",
      "answer": "Capacity",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Exposure",
        "Frequency",
        "Magnitude"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 9,
      "question": "Graph of quality of life through relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction after a disaster?",
      "answer": "Park model",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hazard management cycle",
        "Degg model",
        "PAR model"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 10,
      "question": "Hazard perception that losses are inevitable or God's will, so little can be done?",
      "answer": "Fatalism",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Adaptation",
        "Fear",
        "Optimism"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 11,
      "question": "Restricting development in high-risk areas identified on hazard maps?",
      "answer": "Land-use zoning",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Retrofitting",
        "Insurance",
        "Early warning"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 12,
      "question": "Strengthening existing buildings so they better withstand earthquake shaking?",
      "answer": "Retrofitting",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Land-use zoning",
        "Hazard mapping",
        "Reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 13,
      "question": "Hazard event whose impacts exceed a community's ability to cope using its own resources?",
      "answer": "Disaster",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Hazard",
        "Risk",
        "Vulnerability"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 14,
      "question": "Effects such as fires, landslides and tsunamis that follow an earthquake's ground shaking?",
      "answer": "Secondary hazards",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Primary hazards",
        "Long-term impacts",
        "Aftershocks"
      ]
    },
    {
      "number": 15,
      "question": "Section of an active fault with no recent large earthquake, thought likely to rupture next?",
      "answer": "Seismic gap",
      "wrongOptions": [
        "Aftershock zone",
        "Fault scarp",
        "Subduction zone"
      ]
    }
  ]
}